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R&D Center

Quality Control Management

Experimental Case

Pig experiment with oregano phenol

Release time:

2020-12-24

Location: Qihe, Dezhou **Pig Farm; Trial Period: March 10, 2016; Test Subjects: 200 weaned piglets weighing approximately 8 kg each; Test Materials and Methods: 1.1 Source of Test Materials: 10% oregano phenol: supplied by Jinan Tiantianxiang Co., Ltd., trade name Tiannuokang; 4% virginiamycin: supplied by Shengli Co., Ltd.; 10% chlortetracycline: supplied by Shengli Co., Ltd.

Location: Qihai Pig Farm in Dezhou, Shandong Province

Test duration: 2016.3.10

Test subjects: Approximately 8 kg in weight, 200 weaned piglets

Experimental Materials and Methods

1.1 Source of Test Materials

10% Thymol: supplied by Jinan Tiantianxiang Co., Ltd, with the trade name Tiannuokang.

4% Huangmeisu: Provided by Shengli Co., Ltd.

10% Tetracycline: Supplied by Shengli Co., Ltd.

1.2 Experimental Design

Two hundred weaned piglets weighing approximately 8 kg each were selected and randomly divided into 5 groups based on litter, sex, and similar body weight. Each group consisted of 10 piglets, with four replicates, each replicate containing 10 piglets.

Group A: Fed a basal diet;

Group B: Basal diet + 10% oregano phenol;

Group C: Basal diet + chlortetracycline;

Group D: Basal diet + 10% oregano phenol + virginiamycin;

Group E: Basal diet + chlortetracycline + virginiamycin.

The trial period lasts 90 days and is divided into two phases: days 1–30 and days 31–90.

1.3 Basal Diet

The dietary formulations and nutritional levels were based on the Chinese standard for lean-meat-type pig feed, and all groups had identical dietary formulations and nutritional levels.

Feed addition amount per group

Group	Addition amount (g/ton of feed)
Group	1-30 days	31-90 days
Blank control	-	-
Oregano phenol premix (10%)	175	100
Chlortetracycline (10%)	1500	1500
Oregano phenol premix (10%) + virginiamycin (4%)	100+100	100+50
Tetracycline (10%) + Virginiamycin (4%)	1500 + 100	1500 + 50

1.4 Rearing and Management

Feed dry pellets in separate circles, provide free access to water, and follow the usual procedures for other aspects.

1.5 Testing Items and Methods

Weight Gain: At 30- and 90-day ages, respectively, all trial pigs in the herd will be weighed in replicate groups. Before weighing,

Stop feeding at 12:00 but keep the water flowing; perform fasting weight measurement at 8:00 a.m. the next morning.

Feed Intake: The feed consumption of the experimental pigs will be recorded weekly. Remaining feed will be collected and recycled, and the total feed consumption, average daily feed intake, and feed-to-weight ratio for each stage will be calculated.

Survival Rate: Record the mortality rate of experimental pigs daily and calculate the overall survival rate of the entire herd at each stage.

Diarrhea Rate: Record daily the number of experimental pigs experiencing diarrhea and calculate the overall diarrhea rate for each stage.

1.6 Statistical Analysis

All data from the experiment were analyzed using one-way ANOVA in SAS 8.01.

2 Results Analysis

2.1 Impact on Diarrhea Rate and Mortality Rate

Group	1-30 days		31-90 days		1-90 days
Group	Diarrhea rate %	Mortality rate %	Diarrhea rate %	Mortality rate %	Diarrhea rate %	Mortality rate %
Blank control group	22.5	7.5	15	2.5	37.5	10
Oregano phenol premix	5	2.5	0	0	5	2.5
Chlortetracycline	10	5	7.5	0	17.5	5
Oregano phenol + virginiamycin	12.5	0	0	0	12.5	0
Chlortetracycline + Aureomycin	10	5	2.5	0	12.5	5

As shown in the table above, compared to the control group, the experimental group supplemented with oregano phenol had the lowest diarrhea rate. The mortality rate in the experimental group supplemented with oregano phenol was significantly lower than in other groups, and in the experimental group supplemented with both oregano phenol and virginiamycin, the mortality rate—after excluding random variations—was nearly zero.

2.2 Weight Gain and Daily Feed Consumption Statistics

Weight gain and feed consumption over 1–30 days

Group	Average initial weight (kg)	Average final weight (kg)	Daily weight gain (g/day)	Weight Gain Rate (%)	Daily feed consumption (kg/head)	Feed weight gain	Index (%)
Blank control group	7.91 ± 0.51	19.17 ± 1.61	365.3	100	0.762	2.07	——
Oregano phenol group	8.12 ± 0.47	21.26 ± 0.95	438	119.9	0.819	1.87	10.7
Tetracycline Group	8.30 ± 0.40	20.26 ± 1.68	398.6	109.1	0.777	1.95	6.2
Oregano phenol + virginiamycin group	8.03 ± 0.37	22.10 ± 0.86	469.1	128.4	0.849	1.81	14.4
Tetracycline + Virginiamycin Group	8.10 ± 0.60	21.53 ± 1.24	447.7	122.6	0.828	1.85	11.9

Weight gain and feed consumption over 31–90 days

Group	Average initial weight (kg)	Average final weight (kg)	Daily weight gain (g/day)	Weight Gain Rate (%)	Daily feed consumption (kg/head)	Feed weight gain	Index (%)
Blank control group	19.17 ± 1.61	49.29 ± 4.20	502	100	1.56	3.11	——
Oregano phenol group	21.26 ± 0.95	56.80 ± 2.01	592.3	118	1.67	2.82	10.3
Tetracycline Group	20.26 ± 1.68	54.45 ± 3.01	569.9	109.6	1.63	2.86	8.7
Oregano phenol + virginiamycin group	22.10 ± 0.86	61.75 ± 2.32	660.9	127.1	1.79	2.71	14.8
Tetracycline + Virginiamycin Group	21.53 ± 1.24	59.41 ± 3.34	631.3	121.4	1.72	2.73	13.9

As shown in the table above, compared with the control group, the oregano phenol premix significantly improved daily weight gain and markedly reduced feed conversion ratio. It also demonstrated clear advantages when combined with other pharmaceutical additives.

3 Conclusion

Based on the results of this experiment, whether in terms of average daily gain and feed conversion ratio, or mortality and diarrhea rates, the group supplemented with a combination of oregano phenol showed better performance than the groups supplemented only with virginiamycin or chlortetracycline, as well as the group without any supplementation.

Note: All the above experimental data are from the in-house laboratory of Jinan Tiantianxiang Co., Ltd.

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